316 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
316 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
# validate
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[](https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/angel_validate)
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[](https://travis-ci.org/angel-dart/validate)
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[Live Example](https://angel-dart.github.io/validate)
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Validation library based on the `matcher` library, with Angel support.
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Why re-invent the wheel, when you can use the same validators you already
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use for tests?
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This library runs both on the server, and on the client. Thus, you can use
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the same validation rules for forms on the server, and on the frontend.
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For convenience's sake, this library also exports `matcher`.
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* [Examples](#examples)
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* [Creating a Validator](#creating-a-validator)
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* [Validating Data](#validating-data)
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* [Required Fields](#required-fields)
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* [Forbidden Fields](#forbidden-fields)
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* [Default Values](#default-values)
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* [Custom Validator Functions](#custom-validator-functions)
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* [Auto-parsing Numbers](#autoparse)
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* [Filtering Maps](#filter)
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* [Custom Error Messages](#custom-error-messages)
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* [Extending Validators](#extending-validators)
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* [Bundled Matchers](#bundled-matchers)
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* [Nested Validators](#nested-validators)
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* [Use with Angel](#use-with-angel)
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# Examples
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## Creating a Validator
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```dart
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import 'package:angel_validate/angel_validate.dart';
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main() {
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var validator = new Validator({
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'username': isAlphaNum,
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'multiple,keys,with,same,rules': [isString, isNotEmpty],
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'balance': [
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greaterThanOrEqualTo(0),
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lessThan(1000000)
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],
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'nested': [
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foo,
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[bar, baz]
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]
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});
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}
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```
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## Validating data
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The `Validator` will filter out fields that have no validation rules.
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You can rest easy knowing that attackers cannot slip extra data into
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your applications.
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```dart
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main() {
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var result = validator.check(formData);
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if (!result.errors.isNotEmpty) {
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// Invalid data
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} else {
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// Safely handle filtered data
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return someSecureOperation(result.data);
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}
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}
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```
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You can `enforce` validation rules, and throw an error if validation fails.
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```dart
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main() {
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try {
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// `enforce` will return the filtered data.
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var safeData = validator.enforce(formData);
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} on ValidationException catch(e) {
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print(e.errors);
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}
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}
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```
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## Required Fields
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Fields are optional by default.
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Suffix a field name with a `'*'` to mark it as required, and
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to throw an error if it is not present.
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```dart
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main() {
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var validator = new Validator({
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'googleId*': isString,
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// You can also use `requireField`
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requireField('googleId'): isString,
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});
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}
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```
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## Forbidden Fields
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To prevent a field from showing up in valid data, suffix it
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with a `'!'`.
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## Default values
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If not present, default values will be filled in *before* validation.
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This means that they can still be used with required fields.
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```dart
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final Validator todo = new Validator({
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'text*': isString,
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'completed*': isBool
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}, defaultValues: {
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'completed': false
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});
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```
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Default values can also be parameterless, *synchronous* functions
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that return a single value.
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## Custom Validator Functions
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Creating a whole `Matcher` class is sometimes cumbersome, but if
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you pass a function to the constructor, it will be wrapped in a
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`Matcher` instance.
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(It simply returns the value of calling
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[`predicate`](https://www.dartdocs.org/documentation/matcher/0.12.0%2B2/matcher/predicate.html).)
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The function must *synchronously* return a `bool`.
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```dart
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main() {
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var validator = new Validator({
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'key*': (key) {
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var file = new File('whitelist.txt');
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return file.readFileSync().contains(key);
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}
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});
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}
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```
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# Custom Error Messages
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If these are not present, `angel_validate` will *attempt* to generate
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a coherent error message on its own.
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```dart
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new Validator({
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'age': [greaterThanOrEqualTo(18)]
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}, customErrorMessages: {
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'age': 'You must be an adult to see this page.'
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});
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```
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The string `{{value}}` will be replaced inside your error message automatically.
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# autoParse
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Oftentimes, fields that we want to validate as numbers are passed as strings.
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Calling `autoParse` will correct this before validation.
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```dart
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main() {
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var parsed = autoParse({
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'age': '34',
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'weight': '135.6'
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}, ['age', 'weight']);
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validator.enforce(parsed);
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}
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```
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You can also call `checkParsed` or `enforceParsed` as a shorthand.
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# filter
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This is a helper function to extract only the desired keys from a `Map`.
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```dart
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var inputData = {'foo': 'bar', 'a': 'b', '1': 2};
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var only = filter(inputData, ['foo']);
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print(only); // { foo: bar }
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```
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# Extending Validators
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You can add situation-specific rules within a child validator.
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You can also use `extend` to mark fields as required or forbidden that originally
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were not. Default value and custom error message extension is also supported.
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```dart
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final Validator userValidator = new Validator({
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'username': isString,
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'age': [
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isNum,
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greaterThanOrEqualTo(18)
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]
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});
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```
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To mark a field as now optional, and no longer required,
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suffix its name with a `'?'`.
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```dart
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var ageIsOptional = userValidator.extend({
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'age?': [
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isNum,
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greaterThanOrEqualTo(13)
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]
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});
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```
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Note that by default, new validation rules are simply appended to
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the existing list. To completely overwrite existing rules, set the
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`overwrite` flag to `true`.
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```dart
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register(Map userData) {
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var teenUser = userValidator.extend({
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'age': lessThan(18)
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}, overwrite: true);
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}
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```
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# Bundled Matchers
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This library includes some `Matcher`s for common validations,
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including:
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* `isAlphaDash`: Asserts that a `String` is alphanumeric, but also lets it contain dashes or underscores.
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* `isAlphaNum`: Asserts that a `String` is alphanumeric.
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* `isBool`: Asserts that a value either equals `true` or `false`.
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* `isEmail`: Asserts that a `String` complies to the RFC 5322 e-mail standard.
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* `isInt`: Asserts that a value is an `int`.
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* `isNum`: Asserts that a value is a `num`.
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* `isString`: Asserts that a value is a `String`.
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* `isNonEmptyString`: Asserts that a value is a non-empty `String`.
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* `isUrl`: Asserts that a `String` is an HTTPS or HTTP URL.
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The remaining functionality is
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[effectively implemented by the `matcher` package](https://www.dartdocs.org/documentation/matcher/0.12.0%2B2/matcher/matcher-library.html).
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# Nested Validators
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Very often, the data we validate contains other data within. You can pass
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a `Validator` instance to the constructor, because it extends the
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`Matcher` class.
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```dart
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main() {
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var bio = new Validator({
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'age*': [isInt, greaterThanOrEqualTo(0)],
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'birthYear*': isInt,
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'countryOfOrigin': isString
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});
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var book = new Validator({
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'title*': isString,
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'year*': [
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isNum,
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(year) {
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return year <= new DateTime.now().year;
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}
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]
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});
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var author = new Validator({
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'bio*': bio,
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'books*': [
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isList,
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everyElement(book)
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]
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}, defaultValues: {
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'books': []
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});
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}
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```
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# Use with Angel
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`server.dart` exposes seven helper middleware:
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* `validate(validator)`: Validates and filters `req.bodyAsMap`, and throws an `AngelHttpException.BadRequest` if data is invalid.
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* `validateEvent(validator)`: Sets `e.data` to the result of validation on a service event.
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* `validateQuery(validator)`: Same as `validate`, but operates on `req.query`.
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* `autoParseBody(fields)`: Auto-parses numbers in `req.bodyAsMap`.
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* `autoParseQuery(fields)`: Same as `autoParseBody`, but operates on `req.query`.
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* `filterBody(only)`: Filters unwanted data out of `req.bodyAsMap`.
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* `filterQuery(only)`: Same as `filterBody`, but operates on `req.query`.
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```dart
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import 'package:angel_framework/angel_framework.dart';
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import 'package:angel_validate/server.dart';
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final Validator echo = new Validator({
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'message*': (String message) => message.length >= 5
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});
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final Validator todo = new Validator({
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'text*': isString,
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'completed*': isBool
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}, defaultValues: {
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'completed': false
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});
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main() async {
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var app = new Angel();
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app.chain(validate(echo)).post('/echo', (req, res) async {
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res.write('You said: "${req.bodyAsMap["message"]}"');
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});
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app.service('api/todos')
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..beforeCreated.listen(validateEvent(todo))
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..beforeUpdated.listen(validateEvent(todo));
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await app.startServer();
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}
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```
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